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日本海事新聞ニュース Japan Maritime Daily Jan 30, 2026 (Fri)

Can Aviation’s "CORSIA" Model Break the Deadlock in IMO’s Net-Zero Framework Negotiations?

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　With the adoption of the Net Zero Framework (NZF) at the IMO (International Maritime Organization) ・・・続きはログインして下さいnext %E3%80%80With+the+adoption+of+the+Net+Zero+Framework+%28NZF%29+at+the+IMO+%28International+Maritime+Organization%29+having+been+postponed%2C+and+discussions+on+reducing+GHG+%28greenhouse+gas%29+emissions+from+international+shipping+hitting+a+snag%2C+the+ICAO+%28International+Civil+Aviation+Organization%29+initiative+%E2%80%9CCORSIA%E2%80%9C+%28Carbon+Offsetting+and+Reduction+Scheme+for+International+Aviation%29+may+be+useful+in+considering+how+to+respond+to+the+United+States%2C+which+opposes+the+NZF.+CORSIA+has+flexibility%2C+including+a+non-mandatory+voluntary+phase+and+the+ability+to+trade+excess+emissions+as+offsets+with+other+industries%2C+and+the+United+States+is+not+currently+strongly+opposed+to+it.+Considering+incorporating+these+features+into+the+NZF+could+be+an+opportunity+to+move+forward+in+the+stalled+discussion+on+low-carbon+and+zero-carbon+shipping.+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80At+the+IMO+MEPC+%28Marine+Environment+Protection+Committee%29+extraordinary+meeting+in+October+2025%2C+the+adoption+of+the+proposed+amendments+to+the+MARPOL+Convention+stipulating+NZF+was+postponed+for+one+year.+A+common+challenge+for+supporting+countries%2C+including+Japan%2C+is+whether+they+can+gain+the+understanding+of+opposing+countries%2C+particularly+the+United+States%2C+before+the+resumption%2C+which+is+expected+to+occur+as+early+as+this+fall.+In+this+context%2C+ICAO%E2%80%99s+efforts+are+attracting+attention.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80ICAO+has+set+a+goal+of+achieving+net-zero+CO2+emissions+by+2050+and+launched+the+CORSIA+initiative.+CORSIA+allows+member+airlines+to+choose+from+four+options.+Specifically%2C+they+are+operational+improvements+and+technological+innovation%2C+the+use+of+SAF+%28sustainable+aviation+fuel%29%2C+offsetting+through+emissions+trading%2C+and+CO2+removal+through+negative+emissions.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80Under+the+system%2C+airlines+can+aim+to+achieve+their+goals+through+operational+improvements+and+technological+innovation+alone.+A+financial+transaction+for+offsetting+is+not+necessarily+required.+When+offsetting%2C+it+is+possible+to+trade+in+a+market+that+includes+other+industries+approved+by+ICAO.+This+includes+the+%E2%80%9CAmerican+Carbon+Registries%E2%80%9C+and+%E2%80%9CClimate+Action+Reserve%E2%80%9C+in+the+United+States.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80In+addition%2C+before+participation+becomes+mandatory%2C+there+is+a+voluntary+phase+%282024-2026%29+in+which+participation+is+left+to+the+discretion+of+member+states.+There+is+no+special+penalty+if+the+target+is+not+achieved+during+this+period.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80The+Trump+administration%2C+which+is+skeptical+of+the+climate+change+issue+itself%2C+has+not+strongly+opposed+CORSIA%2C+which+has+flexibility.+It+seems+worth+considering+incorporating+it+into+NZF.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80While+saying+it+was+only+his+%E2%80%9Cpersonal+opinion%2C%E2%80%9C+Hideaki+Saito%2C+former+chairman+of+the+MEPC%2C+said%2C+%E2%80%9CIt+is+not+easy+to+apply+CORSIA+as+is+to+the+NZF%2C+whose+provisions+have+already+been+finalized.+Of+course%2C+I%E2%80%99m+not+saying+that%E2%80%99s+the+optimal+solution.+However%2C+one+of+the+reasons+for+the+US%E2%80%99s+opposition+was+that+the+NZF+would+come+into+effect+16+months+after+its+adoption+and+make+payments+to+the+IMO+fund+mandatory.+If+it+were+adopted%2C+it+would+become+mandatory+in+a+short+period+of+time%2C+so+they+were+strongly+opposed+to+it.+That%E2%80%99s+why+allowing+for+flexibility%2C+such+as+%E2%80%99starting+on+a+voluntary+basis+and+then+making+it+mandatory%2C%E2%80%99+may+help+move+the+negotiations+forward.%E2%80%9C+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E3%80%80+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+Balancing+firmness+and+flexibility+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80However%2C+Hideaki+Saito+is+cautious+about+incorporating+the+ability+to+trade+with+other+industries+when+offsetting%2C+saying%2C+%E2%80%9CThere+are+advantages%2C+but+also+concerns.%E2%80%9C+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80The+background+to+this+is+the+regional+regulation+%E2%80%9CFuelEU+Maritime%E2%80%9C+that+the+EU+%28European+Union%29+began+implementing+in+January+2025.+FuelEU+Maritime+regulates+the+GHG+%28greenhouse+gas%29+intensity+of+fuel+generated+on+voyages+departing+from+and+arriving+at+ports+in+the+EEA+%28European+Economic+Area%29%2C+some+of+which+are+outside+the+EU%2C+and+imposes+fines+if+the+limits+are+not+met.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80Saito+said%2C+%E2%80%9CShipping+companies+are+worried+about+this+fine.+This+is+because+in+some+cases%2C+this+money%2C+which+is+said+to+total+tens+of+billions+of+yen%2C+is+not+used+for+shipping+purposes%2C+but+is+instead+used+for+public+works+projects+along+with+tax+revenue+within+EU+member+states.+There+is+dissatisfaction%2C+with+people+asking%2C+%E2%80%99Why+should+shipping+companies+have+to+pay+for+the+development+of+other+countries+and+industries%3F%E2%80%99+Some+people+believe+that+this+will+damage+and+distort+the+development+of+the+shipping+industry+and+the+level+playing+field.%E2%80%9C+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80Its+application+on+top+of+local+regulations+raises+these+secondary+issues.+That+is+why+Japan+has+argued+at+past+MEPC+%28Marine+Environment+Protection+Committee%29+meetings+that+IMO+%28International+Maritime+Organization%29+regulations+should+be+completed+within+the+sector+%28shipping+industry%29.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80However%2C+what+would+happen+if+the+NZF+%28Net+Zero+Framework%29+were+to+adopt+one+of+the+characteristics+of+ICAO+%28International+Civil+Aviation+Organization%29%2C+that+is%2C+trading+is+open+to+other+industries%3F+Even+if+the+opposition+from+the+US+weakens%2C+there+may+still+be+room+for+discussion+to+allow+the+current+use+of+fines+collected+by+Fuel+EU+Maritime.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80The+EU+has+previously+stated+its+intention+to+review+and+harmonize+regional+regulations+once+an+effective+framework+is+established+by+the+IMO%2C+but+any+changes+to+the+NZF+framework+could+make+the+EU+abandon+that+commitment.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80Saito+said%2C+%E2%80%9CIf+we+put+too+much+emphasis+on+operating+within+the+sector%2C+the+system+will+become+too+rigid.+However%2C+there+are+concerns+about+simply+introducing+flexibility%2C%E2%80%9C+emphasizing+the+importance+of+striking+a+balance+between+flexibility+and+firmness+in+system+design.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E3%80%80+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+Constitutional+issues+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80On+the+other+hand%2C+it+is+also+true+that+even+if+the+NZF+system+were+revised%2C+it+would+be+extremely+difficult+to+obtain+agreement+from+the+United+States.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80The+NZF+levies+a+levy+on+individual+ships+when+they+exceed+the+standard+limits%2C+but+applying+this+to+US+ships+could+conflict+with+the+US+Constitution%2C+which+limits+the+right+to+collect+taxes+to+the+country.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80Saito+said%2C+%E2%80%9CThe+essence+of+this+issue+is+a+constitutional+issue.+Even+if+there+is+a+change+of+administration+in+the+future%2C+it+is+possible+that+the+US+position+will+not+change.%E2%80%9C+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+Double+counting+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80In+addition%2C+there+seems+to+be+an+issue+that+the+fuel+specified+by+the+NZF+is+well-to-wake+%28WtW%29%2C+which+takes+into+account+the+manufacturing+stage%2C+making+its+practical+application+difficult.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80Regarding+the+issue+of+climate+change%2C+it+has+been+organized+that+each+country%E2%80%99s+CO2+%28carbon+dioxide%29+countermeasures+will+be+discussed+at+the+UNFCCC+%28the+United+Nations+Framework+Convention+on+Climate+Change%29%2C+ships+%28which+are+mobile+objects%29+at+the+IMO%2C+and+aircraft+at+the+ICAO.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80Saito+said%2C+%E2%80%9CBased+on+the+fundamental+principles%2C+the+fuel+manufacturing+process+is+something+that+the+UNFCCC+should+be+responsible+for.+In+WtW%2C+it+is+counted+again+with+IMO.+I+understand+the+concept%2C+but+this+could+lead+to+overly+strict+standards%2C+which+could+ultimately+hinder+the+spread+of+green+fuels%2C%E2%80%9C+pointing+out+institutional+issues.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80In+addition+to+constitutional+issues%2C+structural+issues+with+the+system+are+also+apparent%2C+making+the+road+to+adoption+a+difficult+one.+Until+the+extraordinary+meeting+resumes%2C+attention+will+be+focused+on+how+countries+that+support+the+adoption+of+the+NZF%2C+including+Japan%2C+can+find+a+compromise+with+the+United+States.+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3EDisclaimer%3A+The+English+translations+provided+through+this+service+are+the+result+of+translations+made+by+The+Japan+Maritime+Daily+or+automatically+and+mechanically+translated+by+The+Japan+Maritime+Daily+using+an+automated+translation+system+provided+by+a+third+party+after+certain+processing+of+the+Japanese+content+licensed+by+the+third+party.+In+terms+of+the+English+translation%2C+The+Japan+Maritime+Daily+and+MarineNet+Co.%2C+Ltd.+make+no+warranty+or+burden+of+any+kind%2C+express+or+implied%2C+including+its+accuracy%2C+reliability%2C+validity+or+fitness+for+a+particular+purpose.+MarineNet+Users+should+fully+understand+that+this+service+uses+an+automated+translation+system+that+automatically+and+mechanically+recognizes+and+analyzes+information+and+produces+results.+The+users+should+understand+the+above+conditions+before+using+this+service.%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3E%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%AC%E4%BA%8B%E9%A0%85%EF%BC%9A%E3%81%93%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%93%E3%82%B9%E3%82%92%E4%BB%8B%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E3%81%95%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B%E8%8B%B1%E8%A8%B3%E3%81%AF%E3%80%81%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E3%81%8C%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%90%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%80%81%E5%8F%88%E3%81%AF%E3%80%81%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E8%80%85%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%A8%B1%E8%AB%BE%E3%82%92%E5%8F%97%E3%81%91%E3%81%9F%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E3%83%84%E3%82%92%E3%80%81%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E3%81%8C%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%9A%E3%81%AE%E5%87%A6%E7%90%86%E3%82%92%E8%A1%8C%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E4%B8%8A%E3%81%A7%E3%80%81%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E8%80%85%E3%81%8C%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E7%BF%BB%E8%A8%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%A0%E3%82%92%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E3%81%97%E3%8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