日本海事新聞ニュース Japan Maritime Daily Mar 29, 2024 (Fri)

‌【interview】 Executive Officer Takahashi and Fuel GX Division General Manager Urushitani of MOL, Anmomia to be the final solution as next-generation fuel

MOL Executive Officer Kazuhiro Takahashi (right), Fuel GX Division General Manager Yoshikazu Urushitani (left)

　It is about to reach a major turning point in terms of marine fuel in our quest to achieve net-zero ・・・ 続きはログインして下さいnext %E3%80%80It+is+about+to+reach+a+major+turning+point+in+terms+of+marine+fuel+in+our+quest+to+achieve+net-zero+GHG+%28greenhouse+gas%29+emissions+in+international+shipping+by+2050.+We+asked+Kazuhiro+Takahashi%2C+Executive+Officer+in+charge+of+%3Cb%3EMOL%3C%2Fb%3E+Fuel+GX+Division%2C+and+Yoshikazu+Urushitani%2C+General+Manager+of+Fuel+GX+Division%2C+about+their+analysis+and+strategies+regarding+next-generation+marine+fuels.+%28Interviewer%3A+Azumi+Kashiwai%29+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+70%25+reduction+through+fuel+conversion+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--The+%3Cb%3EMOL%3C%2Fb%3E+Group+has+set+a+goal+of+net+zero+emissions+by+2050.+How+should+marine+fuel+conversion+be+positioned+within+decarbonization+strategies%3F+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CAs+a+major+premise%2C+there+is+no+doubt+that+switching+marine+fuels+is+the+most+important+pillar+of+decarbonization%2C+but+it+alone+will+not+achieve+zero+emissions.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CThe+introduction+of+zero-emission+fuels+is+expected+to+gain+momentum+after+2030.+First%2C+we+will+move+forward+with+efficient+ship+allocation+and+the+introduction+of+wind+power+and+energy-saving+equipment%2C+with+the+ultimate+aim+of+reducing+GHG+emissions+by+about+20%25.+Then%2C+we+will+reduce+about+70%25+by+switching+to+clean+fuels%2C+and+make+up+the+remaining+10%25+with+negative+emissions+such+as+CO2+removal+technology+and+forest+and+mangrove+restoration.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CBased+on+this+premise%2C+we+are+continuing+to+discuss+plans+to+introduce+alternative+fuels+to+our+800+affiliated+vessels.+We+are+creating+a+roadmap+to+zero+emissions+by+combining+multiple+fuels+according+to+the+characteristics+of+the+fuel%2C+the+timing+of+commercialization%2C+the+size+of+the+ship%2C+and+the+characteristics+of+the+route.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CI+hear+that+a+major+consideration+issue+for+shippers+is+deciding+what+type+of+marine+fuel+to+use+as+the+core+of+their+cargo+transportation+in+the+future.+As+our+sales+department+aims+to+win+freight+transportation+contracts%2C+being+proactive+in+terms+of+fuel+supply+holds+an+important+key.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+Ammonia+becomes+cheaper+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--In+%E2%80%98Environmental+Vision+2.2%E2%80%99+announced+in+April+2023%2C+the+company+set+a+plan+to+introduce+LNG+%28liquefied+natural+gas%29+fuel+and+methanol+fuel+to+90+ocean-going+ships+by+2030.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CLNG+fueled+ships+require+a+large+initial+investment+and+require+a+certain+amount+of+fuel+tank+space%2C+so+they+will+mainly+be+introduced+to+medium-sized+and+large+ships.+In+terms+of+vessel+types%2C+PCTCs%2C+Capesize+bulkers%2C+and+VLCCs+%28Very+Large+Crude+Carriers%29%2C+which+are+often+engaged+in+specific+trades%2C+are+suitable.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9COn+the+other+hand%2C+small+and+medium-sized+bulkers+and+chemical+tankers+may+be+able+to+use+methanol+fuel%2C+which+is+easy+to+handle+and+easy+to+set+up+fuel+supply+bases+in+various+locations.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CFrom+the+2030s+onward%2C+we+expect+LNG-fueled+ships+and+methanol-fueled+ships+to+switch+fuels+from+the+LNG+and+methanol+they+currently+use+to+zero-emission+fuels+such+as+eLNG%2C+bio-LNG%2C+and+green+methanol.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CFor+large+ships%2C+it+is+also+envisaged+that+the+fuel+will+be+switched+from+LNG+to+ammonia.+The+introduction+of+ammonia+begun+in+the+late+2020s%2C+and+it+is+expected+to+become+relatively+inexpensive+as+production+increases+after+2030.+Therefore%2C+we+expect+it+will+spread+quickly.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CFrom+the+first+half+of+the+2030s%2C+the+number+of+LNG-fueled+ships+will+level+off%2C+and+the+number+of+ammonia-fueled+ships+will+increase.+In+the+long+term%2C+we+predict+that+ammonia+will+become+mainstream.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+eLNG+and+bio-LNG+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--Specifically%2C+I+would+like+to+hear+about+the+characteristics+of+major+alternative+fuels+and+forecasts+of+supply+and+demand.+First%2C+how+do+you+analyze+LNG+fuel%3F+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CThe+important+thing+about+LNG+fuel+is+that+it+is+a+low-carbon+fuel+that+is+available+right+now.+Many+LNG+fueled+ships+are+already+in+operation%2C+and+fuel+supply+systems+are+in+place.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CThe+supply+of+LNG+is+overwhelmingly+large+for+city+gas%2C+industrial+use%2C+and+power+generation.+Compared+to+that%2C+the+demand+for+marine+fuel+is+small.+Demand+for+marine+LNG+fuel+is+expected+to+increase+in+the+future%2C+but+there+are+no+major+concerns+about+supply.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CThe+GHG+reduction+rate+for+LNG%2C+which+is+a+fossil+fuel%2C+is+only+about+20-30%25+compared+to+heavy+oil.+However%2C+in+the+future%2C+it+is+expected+to+be+replaced+by+zero-emission+fuels+such+as+eLNG+produced+from+hydrogen+and+CO2+and+bio-LNG+derived+from+biomethane.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CThe+production+system+for+eLNG+is+not+fully+established+at+present.+Bio-LNG+can+be+purchased+now%2C+but+it+is+expensive.+For+this+reason%2C+it+is+expected+that+LNG%2C+which+is+currently+in+use%2C+will+be+gradually+replaced+from+2030+onwards.+However%2C+if+the+demand+for+net+zero+emissions+from+shippers+and+society+increases+further%2C+there+is+a+possibility+that+replacement+will+proceed+before+2030.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+Shortage+of+supply+ships+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9COn+the+other+hand%2C+concerns+regarding+LNG+fuel+include+a+lack+of+bunkering+%28fuel+supply%29+infrastructure+capacity.+The+basic+structure+of+an+LNG+bunkering+ship+is+similar+to+that+of+an+LNG+carrier%2C+and+the+construction+cost+is+extremely+high.+The+same+safety+management+and+work+procedures+as+for+LNG+cargo+are+required+when+handling+fuel.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CFor+this+reason%2C+it+is+difficult+to+imagine+a+future+in+which+LNG+bunkering+ships+will+be+deployed+all+over+the+world%2C+as+is+the+case+with+current+heavy+oil%2C+and+it+is+highly+likely+that+LNG+fuel+supply+bases+will+be+limited+to+major+ports.+Additionally%2C+there+is+a+risk+that+the+supply+capacity+of+LNG+bunkering+ships+will+not+be+able+to+keep+up+with+the+rapid+increase+in+the+number+of+LNG-fueled+ships+in+the+future.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+Supplied+by+four+tank+trucks+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--What+is+%3Cb%3EMOL%3C%2Fb%3E%E2%80%99s+current+LNG+fuel+procurement+status%3F+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CWe+have+concluded+a+purchasing+agreement+with+a+leading+LNG+supplier+and+have+already+been+supplying+LNG+fuel+since+last+year.+With+the+completion+of+LNG-fueled+ships%2C+demand+for+our+LNG+fuel+will+increase%2C+so+we+will+increase+the+number+of+suppliers%2C+contracts%2C+and+quantities.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CIn+the+coastal+shipping+field%2C+we+began+supplying+LNG+fuel+to+two+LNG-fueled+ferries+operated+by+%3Cb%3EMOL%3C%2Fb%3E+Sunflower+in+January+last+year.+As+the+first+case+in+Japan%2C+we+established+a+fuel+supply+method+by+positioning+four+LNG+tank+trucks+in+parallel+at+Beppu+Port+%28Oita+Prefecture%29%2C+supplying+fuel+to+two+ferries+alternately+every+day.+It%E2%80%99s+been+more+than+a+year+now%2C+but+we%E2%80%99ve+been+able+to+supply+the+fuel+without+any+major+problems.+We+feel+confident+in+terms+of+safety.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+Expected+increase+in+ammonia+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--How+do+you+analyze+the+characteristics+and+issues+of+ammonia+fuel%3F+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CAmmonia+is+a+zero-emission+fuel+that+does+not+contain+carbon+and+does+not+produce+CO2+%28carbon+dioxide%29+when+burned%2C+and+we+believe+that+it+will+be+an+important+fuel+for+achieving+zero+emissions+in+terms+of+marine+fuels.+Ammonia+is+also+expected+to+be+used+for+co-firing+coal-fired+power+plants+and+as+a+hydrogen+carrier.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CCurrently%2C+the+ammonia+in+circulation+is+so-called+%E2%80%98grey+ammonia%E2%80%99%2C+which+is+made+from+fossil+fuels+such+as+natural+gas%2C+and+CO2+is+generated+throughout+its+lifecycle%2C+including+the+manufacturing+process.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9COn+the+other+hand%2C+%E2%80%98green+ammonia%E2%80%99%2C+which+is+produced+by+combining+hydrogen+obtained+by+decomposing+water+using+renewable+electricity+and+nitrogen+in+the+air%2C+will+in+principle+emit+zero+CO2+over+its+life+cycle.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CAlthough+the+production+of+green+ammonia+has+not+yet+begun+in+earnest%2C+there+is+a+strong+possibility+that+huge+demand+will+be+created+for+power+generation+purposes+mainly+in+Asia+and+for+hydrogen+carrier+purposes+in+Europe.+Therefore%2C+there+is+a+basis+for+large-scale+production.+A+major+expansion+in+supply+is+expected%2C+and+it+will+become+more+widespread+around+the+world+from+the+2030s+onwards.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CThe+share+of+marine+ammonia+fuel+in+total+demand+is+not+large%2C+so+we+are+not+concerned+about+securing+supply+at+this+time.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--How+competitive+is+the+price+of+ammonia+fuel%3F+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CGreen+ammonia+is+made+from+water+and+nitrogen+in+the+air%2C+so+if+we+can+reduce+the+cost+of+renewable+energy+used+for+electrolysis%2C+it+will+be+relatively+cheap+to+produce+compared+to+other+zero-emission+fuels.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--In+June+of+last+year%2C+the+%3Cb%3EMOL%3C%2Fb%3E+Group+invested+in+Ascension+Clean+Energy%2C+which+is+developing+a+clean+ammonia+production+and+transportation+project+in+Louisiana%2C+USA.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CIn+addition+to+transporting+the+ammonia+produced+by+sea%2C+we+are+also+considering+the+offtake+of+ammonia+to+use+as+marine+fuel.+We+want+to+play+a+part+in+the+supply+chain+that+meets+the+wide-ranging+demand+for+ammonia.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--In+Singapore%2C+you+are+working+on+an+ammonia+fuel+supply+project+with+ITOCHU+Corporation+and+France%E2%80%99s+TotalEnergies.+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CCurrently%2C+we+are+discussing+with+our+partners+and+the+Singaporean+authorities+the+rules+regarding+the+type+of+ammonia+bunkering+vessels+and+supply.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CSolving+the+problems+of+supplying+ammonia+and+methanol+fuels%2C+which+have+not+yet+been+established%2C+cannot+be+accomplished+by+individual+companies+alone.+Collaboration+across+the+broader+value+chain+is+necessary%2C+requiring+partnership+strategies+for+each+fuel.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+For+target+products%3F+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--How+do+you+analyze+the+characteristics+and+issues+of+methanol+fuel%3F+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CCompatible+engines+have+already+been+put+into+practical+use%2C+and+major+container+shipping+companies+are+building+methanol-fueled+container+ships.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CMethanol+fuel+is+easier+to+handle+than+LNG+%28liquefied+natural+gas%29%2C+making+it+easier+to+expand+supply+bases.+It+is+suitable+for+vessels+engaged+in+a+variety+of+trades%2C+such+as+small+and+medium-sized+bulkers.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CWhile+there+are+few+technical+hurdles%2C+one+challenge+is+securing+the+supply+of+%E2%80%98green+methanol%E2%80%99+%28with+net+zero+GHG+%EF%BC%9Cgreenhouse+gas%EF%BC%9E+emissions%29.+Currently%2C+natural+gas-derived+%E2%80%98grey+methanol%E2%80%99+is+widely+used%2C+but+it+has+only+a+minor+effect+on+reducing+GHG+emissions.+To+decarbonize%2C+e-methanol+or+biomethanol%2C+which+have+zero+emissions+over+their+life+cycle%2C+are+required.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CHowever%2C+unlike+LNG%2C+which+has+large+demand+for+other+uses+such+as+city+gas+and+power+generation%2C+demand+for+e-methanol+and+biomethanol+is+expected+to+be+mostly+for+ships+for+the+time+being.+In+other+words%2C+since+it+is+a+target+product+for+shipping%2C+an+approach+is+required+where+shipping+companies+indicate+the+required+amount+to+suppliers+to+boost+production+and+supply.+It+is+difficult+to+scale+up+production%2C+and+costs+tend+to+be+relatively+high.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CMethanex%2C+Canada%E2%80%99s+leading+methanol+producer%2C+is+also+considering+producing+biomethanol.+We+have+built+a+strong+relationship+with+Methanex%E2%80%99s+shipping+subsidiary%2C+Waterfront+Shipping%2C+through+our+investment+in+the+company%2C+and+we+are+exchanging+views+on+procuring+biomethanol.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%96%A0+Competition+with+aircraft+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80--What+about+biodiesel%3F+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CAlthough+it+is+excellent+as+a+drop-in+fuel%2C+competition+with+aviation+fuel+has+been+pointed+out+as+an+issue.+Since+it+is+difficult+to+use+LNG+and+ammonia+as+fuel+for+aircraft%2C+the+use+of+sustainable+aviation+fuel+%28SAF%29%2C+so-called+%E2%80%98biofuel%E2%80%99%2C+as+an+alternative+to+jet+fuel+is+being+promoted.+And+the+raw+materials+for+biodiesel+and+this+aviation+biofuel+overlap.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CCurrently%2C+the+main+raw+material+for+biodiesel+is+waste+cooking+oil%2C+but+biodiesel+using+various+other+raw+materials+is+also+being+commercialized.+Due+to+the+increasing+diversification+of+raw+materials%2C+there+are+no+major+concerns+about+short-term+supply%2C+and+it+will+be+possible+to+purchase+quantities+that+match+demand.+However%2C+in+the+medium+to+long+term%2C+supply+may+be+constrained+due+to+competition+with+aviation+biofuels.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E%E3%80%80%E2%80%9CAlso%2C+biodiesel+has+slightly+different+properties+depending+on+the+raw+material.+For+this+reason%2C+we+are+currently+continuing+the+trial+while+checking+the+condition+of+the+engine+during+use.%E2%80%9D+%3Cbr%3E+%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3EDisclaimer%3A+The+English+translations+provided+through+this+service+are+the+result+of+translations+made+by+The+Japan+Maritime+Daily+or+automatically+and+mechanically+translated+by+The+Japan+Maritime+Daily+using+an+automated+translation+system+provided+by+a+third+party+after+certain+processing+of+the+Japanese+content+licensed+by+the+third+party.+In+terms+of+the+English+translation%2C+The+Japan+Maritime+Daily+and+MarineNet+Co.%2C+Ltd.+make+no+warranty+or+burden+of+any+kind%2C+express+or+implied%2C+including+its+accuracy%2C+reliability%2C+validity+or+fitness+for+a+particular+purpose.+MarineNet+Users+should+fully+understand+that+this+service+uses+an+automated+translation+system+that+automatically+and+mechanically+recognizes+and+analyzes+information+and+produces+results.+The+users+should+understand+the+above+conditions+before+using+this+service.%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3E%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%AC%E4%BA%8B%E9%A0%85%EF%BC%9A%E3%81%93%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%93%E3%82%B9%E3%82%92%E4%BB%8B%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E3%81%95%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B%E8%8B%B1%E8%A8%B3%E3%81%AF%E3%80%81%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E3%81%8C%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%90%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E3%81%8B%E3%80%81%E5%8F%88%E3%81%AF%E3%80%81%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E8%80%85%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%A8%B1%E8%AB%BE%E3%82%92%E5%8F%97%E3%81%91%E3%81%9F%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E3%83%84%E3%82%92%E3%80%81%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E3%81%8C%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%9A%E3%81%AE%E5%87%A6%E7%9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【インタビュー　船舶燃料転換】商船三井　執行役員・髙橋和弘氏、燃料GX事業部長・漆谷禎一氏。2030年代 アンモニア大宗に

2024/03/29(金)

日本海事新聞 JMD

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